The concepts named in the subject line are related, even interdefinable, and provide examples of each other. $\Newextarrow{\xLeftarrow}{2,2}{0x21D0}$
The purpose of this post is to show some of those interrelations.
If we consider $\setX \xrightarrow{\textstyle \mkern1em \functionf \mkern1em} \setY$ as, not (a function in $\Set$), but as (a $\calV$-functor between discrete categories enriched in either $\calV=\bftwo$ or $\calV=\Set$),
then this condition amounts to saying that the arrow in the third line, in $\calV$, is invertible, i.e.,
that (the $\calV$-functor $\functionf$ between discrete $\calV$-categories) is not merely faithful, as it automatically is in those cases, but also full, i.e.,
that $\functionf$ is a full and faithful, or fully faithful $\calV$-functor.
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